Costa Coffee Essay

The remote environment comprises factors that originate beyond and normally irrespective and out of costa umbers control. Economic factors Since costa drinking chocolate is a multinational business, top-level managers must consider the stinting situations on both the National (Egypt) and International levels. Currencies exchange rate (Forex) relates costa Coffees final products expenditures as well as operation costs. rib Coffee imports high quality deep brown berry beans from rainforest farms where it pays for in local currency, and sells as coffee in another country with its local country.Hence, when the Egyptian Pound depreciates, the cost of beans relatively increases therefore, causing a fall in profit margin and vice versa. If depreciation is too much, then costa might increase its selling prices. Moreover, interest rate is vital for a business considering expansion as costa Coffee. As interest rate increase, rib Coffees ability and willingness to expand or disperse invigorated branches decreases due to the high cost of capital. Further more, the stock market plays a significant role in encouraging investors to invest in Costa Coffee due to the increasing profits and the good reputation.Finally, high economic growth rate of a country leads people to increase their custom of Costa Coffees products since they have more income. Social Factors Egyptians elaboration and lifestyle has dramatically changed in the last 10 years. People be more willing to go to cafes for lunch, dinner or simply a snack. Considering the Egyptian demographics of lifestyle and age groups, most of the Egyptian population travel in the youth age group. Hence, Costa Coffee plays music and offers an glory that is convenient for all ages with special attention to youth.Costa Coffee prize the religion of each nation in which it operates. To clarify, Costa Coffee incomplete sells alcoholic drinks nor pork-containing food. In leadition, Costa Coffees menu is create verb ally in both English and Arabic languages. English is the most astray spoken language, and Egypt is known as a touristic attraction. Plus, Egyptians like to come across a menu written in their own language for rest and showing cultural respect. Also, many people nowadays be concerned with their health Costa Coffee is providing low-calorie food, a variety of pertly salads, sandwiches, and fresh fruit juice.Political Factors Governmental rules and regulations could affect the firms providers and the price of the raw materials. Imposed taxes or tariffs on the imported coffee beans add to raw materials cost. Rules regarding social insurance add to labor costs. Political unbalance and strikes do affect labor and consumers of Costa Coffee. Technological Factors Advanced machines affect the firms performance and efficiency through and through producing tasty coffee as quick as possible. High quality and speed of religious service affects customer satisfaction and loyalty.Costa Coffe e uses highly advanced brewers and coffee makers for the best coffee cup. Besides, the use of the Internet to facilitate transactions in the midst of Costa and its suppliers lowers transaction costs and decreases lead time. As a termination, stakeholders ar more satisfied with increased profits and lower costs. Ecological Factors Costa Coffee uses recyclable paper bags and paper cups. And, it tries to reduce its energy utilisation as steps towards a greener environment. It also ensures adherence to responsible agriculture practices, so that natural habitats argon protected thereby reducing disforestation and carbon emissions.Furthermore, Costa is working to deliver green (LEED) certification for new stores beginning later this year and is working closely with its suppliers to develop more environmentally friendly packaging. Industry Environment Operating Environment A firms operating environment is related to environmental factors that straight right smart affect the firm and its success in obtaining necessary resources. Yet, they atomic number 18 facilitate factors beyond its bea of control. 1. Competitors Costa coffee in Egypt faces high reign competition where around almost every corner in the cities, a coffee shop exists.Therefore, product differentiation is a must, and persistent high-quality is the way to keeping customers. Whichever Costa Coffee shop you enter, you atomic number 18 greeted the same, indulge in the same taste and pay what you see in the menu. Menu prices are tax inclusive which is different than most of other coffee shops. Competitors include, just are not limited to, Starbucks Coffee, Cilantro and Beanos cafe. Creditors Costas past payment records and working capital position are the main attributes affecting creditors decisions. Considering the Egyptian markets, banks are not rare to find.Costa might be dealing with several banks, and may be allow loans from several areas. Hence, creditors have little leverage since inter est rates are controlled by central bank of Egypt as well. Customers Costa coffee is a service firm. Therefore, its utmost goal is customer satisfaction and loyalty to dampen profits. Constantly monitoring Egypts demographics is essential in keeping a convenient atmosphere. For instance, Costa must always recognise what the youth are listening to these days to be able to play the optimum charm of songs in its branches while abiding by the brands image. accessibility of location and parking spaces are of the main issues regarded by people when decision making on their hang-outs. And, the customer buyer behaviour of whether they prefer more salads and sandwiches quite an than desserts affects how much of each should be available at Costas branches. Labor Costas reputation and image is kept through its workers. Costa has to respect labor rights especially now that people are more aware of the rights than ever before. Also, Costa has to be selective in its waiters and baristas to ke ep the brands image and reputation.As a result of Costas reputation, highly-qualified workers apply for jobs at Costa Coffee. Suppliers Supplier relationships are as important as customer relationships. A good supplier relationships decreases yield time and enhances firms productivity. In Costas case, supplier power is not high as Costa has eight-fold suppliers, with low switching costs. However, supplier relationships are well-attended to at Costa Coffee as part of its social responsibility towards coffee-growing countries.

Local Human Service Agency Summary Essay

I shouted the nipper evasive run say-so for my converse. I chose this agency for two closes. The first reason is because I plan to work for this company after obtaining my floor. Secondly because I am a foster p arnt and I would to know how the agency works from the opposite perspective. The movement proletarian I spoke was Kathy Basham. The question took place on August 3, 2012. I was really excited to bawl out to her because she had floated between many positions within the agency and I felt alike(p) she would be able to answer all of my questions. This interview helped me to gain a clearer understanding of what the responsibilities of a case worker are. I got to hear round the struggles as well as the triumphs. I in addition gained insight on the ethical and legal concerns that the agency experiences, and how they handle with these matters.During this time, Mrs. Bashams focal obligation is with the investigate team. Her job was to investigate reports of babe m alignment and neglect. In piece to do her job efficiently, she moldiness do a sequence of divine guidance interviews with the clawren and families that have been reported. Gathering the findings of these interviews will aid in qualification the ratiocination whether abuse or neglect has happened. If the finding are determined that there is a concern the state laws state that the sisterren essential be outback(a) from their home and place with family or in foster care.After making this determination, Mrs. Basham makes recommendations for the well- macrocosm of the child, she next sends in her reports to her supervisor and they make plans for the next locomote to take action. Steps will be determined based on if whether or not the child is in immediate danger. If they deem that the children are in danger they will order an emergency custody hearing. Mrs. Basham has declared that there are often many ill-considered reports. She said false reports are aggravating because the process is time consuming and they cause workers to neutralise time they could be spending on true cases. Child overprotective go (CPS) has several intervention course of studys that are gettable to families. They are worthful to the prevention of child abuse, as well as programs that are available to families and children who have open child abuse cases.They offer many opposite therapy programs, such as parenting classes, prevention and discourse anger management classes. cling to care programs are also offered. The Kentucky Department of Child Protective Services serves families of every income level however many reports come from lower income areas. Child Protective Service case workers experience various different kinds of ethical dilemmas. Mrs. Basham stated that there is a great level of sentiment in this sort of work, for the families and case workers. It is normal for family and parents to scream or act violently toward her doing the intake interview process. She als o said that her job can be frustrating at times but she reminds herself of her sole focus, which is ensuring that childrens caoutchouc within their family setting and their overall well-being. Ethical dilemmas differ from case to case. one ethical dilemma almost all CPS workers face is clients abstracted to know who reported them.Kentucky state law prohibits workers from disclosing that type of set forthation. Mrs. Basham admits that would be simpler if she could report them because many clients refuse to cooperate unless she tells them. Borderline neglect cases can also be ethical dilemmas. These sorts of cases include homes that are unfit to peppy in. some homes are filthy, however if there is no immediate danger the case workers do not have the authority to remove the children. Even though its not allowed, when this occurs some case workers will find resource reasons to remove the children from such an environment. It has been said that even if a child is in a dirty enviro nment it does not necessarily mean the child is being neglected. In some cases if the environment is truly unfit to live in the children can be removed. Sometimes if the house is filthy the children may be also so the family may be referred to a program that assists them develop life skills to teach them about hygiene.CPS worker must comply with certain legal requirements while performing intake assessments. They must follow all agency and state law guidelines and policies while investigating child abuse reports. When abuse reports come in, case workers must visit the home within 24 hours. In more serious reports the worker has 2 hours to report to the home. All cases must be either overhead railway or closed within 30 days. Elevated cases usually feign children being removed from their home. Whenthis occurs Ms. Basham turns the case over to a case worker which will monitor the child through the foster care organization or family placement. Case workers are required to try to find fit family placement first. If not possible the child will be situated with licensed foster care providers. CPS is legally required to inform the parent and/or guardian that the child is being removed.After the child is removed they must inform all involved parties of court dates, treatment plans and any other information concerning the child. The disadvantages of Mrs. Bashams job include underfunded agencies include, naughty rates of turnover in the staff, large case loads and being understaffed. The State of Kentucky offers assistance programs for individuals entering the human service field including such as tuition assistance like financial aid, extensions on remunerative back student loans, and loan forgiveness.To be an employee for Child Protective Services of Kentucky it requires that you receive a four year Bachelors degree in social work, sociology, human services or an equivalent degree. Regrettably, Mrs. Basham was not capable of giving me any additional information on the requirements for an internship. My interview with Mrs. Basham lasted approximately an hour. I was able to obtain a deeper insight of the tire out involved in being an investigator in child abuse and neglect cases. The interview expanded my interest in the field of child protective services and I feel like it is an exciting and reward career choice.

Reflection On Experience

Last fall I started my Full- age MBA program. I was assign to a pigeonholing of five members, including myself. As part of our orientation, our first example was to take on a ropes course as a conference. This shape helped us to know more about from each superstar separate and constrain more cohesive as we were unfamiliar with each new(prenominal) and coming upon for the first time. We came from different backgrounds, different cultures, and different countries, tho we shared like goals.We had members that engageed in operations, marketing, finance, and supply chain some of us never assoil uped in teams, so it was important for us to know each differents strengths and weaknesses and address each. We agreed as a host to make the nearly of our experience and try to help each other in achieving our goals. there were two sets of goals that our team leaned for. We, as a group, hoped non only to flip whatever requirements were in the programs curriculum, solely also we aimed to b give up as item-by-items and as a group.It was observable from day one that each member of this team was aiming to excel and becoming distinct from other groups. Our putting green goal of excelling make it easier for us to find a common ground, and we felt up that our goals were attainable as long as we show commitment and dedication. As both group, we had our share of positive and negative experiences that I will put a sort some light on in this paper. Although our group was highly practicable and motivate towards succeeding in achieving our goals, there were few unexplored issues that I hope we have on in the remainder of our tenure.This paper provides my ad hominem reflection of some behaviors administered by members of my group and myself as well. Those behaviors impacted the functionality and the effectualness of our team. The first part shall discuss the positive behaviors that I observed from other team members whom I believe had a huge impact on our team. The second part will be a self-evaluation of my behavior in the context of a study group, in particular negative behaviors and how to repress them in future projects.One positive behavior that I observed from a couple of our team members on a regular basis is victorious the initiative. In my opinion, this was a significant factor in our success as a group pull through after part, and it taught me how to perceive my self and others in direct to identify strengths and weaknesses and how vital it is to be proactive within a group. On several occasions throughout the last quarter, those two members launched new initiatives that conduct to changes in the way we tackle things as a group and the way we approach problems.This proactive behavior helped us to cancel some problems that we business leader pee-pee faced before they even occurred. Some problems like running(a) under pressure when deadlines are imminent or doing repetitive work were evacuateed as both of those me mbers anticipated them in advance and pointed out how to avoid such problems. Those two members actions were usually consistent with our goals as a group, and I believe that we helped them become proactive by allowing them to take the initiative and not squandering their efforts. Their ideas were usually listened to carefully and we allowed them to try it.Also if mistakes were made, it was never held against them so we dupet close the window on takinf the initiative in the future, whether from their stance or any other group member. It is the same concept as recognize and punishment that was discussed in class as any other behavior, proactive behavior if rewarded it will flourish and if puni couch or beatified it will be discouraged. The difference in our case is that the reward was be listened to or appreciating the effort, and the punishment was blaming them for devising mistakes.Although our team never had an assigned leader, solely usually those members who took the initi ative assumed the role of leadership by default. This was another(prenominal) enlightening moment for me as I learned in regularize to lead, I have to take the initiative and become more proactive. I believe that this proactive behavior from those members helped us enhance our performance and helped us to avoid being complacent or passive. other reason, in my opinion, motivated us in embracing some of their ideas, is our sense that those ideas were for the greater get of our group and wasnt seeking any personal benefit or gain.Even though at times the room for being proactive was narrow, specially when we were working on tight schedules or deadlines were approaching, such behavior was evident throughout the quarter. Another positive behavior that I noticed from one of our group members is head. Support plays an natural role in the success of any group as it not only enhances the oerall performance of the group, but it makes the group more cohesive and helps building trust. E ach member of our group came from a different functional area or background, so it was essential to recognize that each of us is stronger in certain areas and weaker in other ones.This particular member was very supportive to our group members, and by support I dont mean only helping in solving problems. His support extended to helping completing trade union movements on time even if it wasnt assigned to him, giving encouragement and feedback to our group members, and fetching extra tasks when needed. This behavior helped in creating a sense of collaboration and made the group more cohesive. He also supported any ideas that were suggested, unheeding whether they were approved or not, he showed real interest in either idea or suggestion.Such behavior encouraged our group members to speak more openly and allowed for more contribution. It increased our group loyalty and generated trust among our group members. On the other hand, one negative behavior that I in person need to work on is not allowing other team members to depict their ideas and opinions. Sometimes I feel very strong about my ideas that I shut down towards other ideas from other team members. In particular there is one team member of ours that is usually left out, so we as a team should take the responsibility for such a negative behavior.I realize that a group works best when everyone is allowed to extend in the discussions during the meetings and benefit from the diversity in our group by obstetrical delivery in different ideas however, this one member usually chooses not to contribute and we never encouraged her to overcome this obstacle. We tend to forget that this member is not used to working in teams, and this aptitude be the reason she is ending difficulties to contribute effectively in our team meetings and in the decision do process. I believe that we, as a group, allowed this behavior to dampen throughoutthe quarter until it became a habit. According to the Social Information Pr ocessing Model, as part of the judgment process, Fundamental Attribution Bias is the tendency to develop explanations that rely on the internal state of people when we focus on someone elses behavior. We attributed her omit of participation to her neediness of skill or ability, and completely over looked the possibility that it could be attributed to other outdoor(a) factors. outdoor(a) factors such as cultural difference or unfamiliarity of working in a team could have been the reason behind her lack of contribution.Our failure to address those issues on the spot could have been the reason wherefore those issues evolved and led to a self-limiting behavior from her side, which ultimately led to a lack in self-efficacy. This behavior affected her self-confidence in her ability of making significant contributions to the team causing her to disengage from team discussions and withhold ideas or opinions. Another negative behavior that I need to address is procrastination. I have a habit of putting cancelled work until last minute.I do not believe I demonstrate this behavior because I am lazy or because I cannot manage my time efficiently, but because I always have a sense of ability of terminate the assigned task in less time. During earning my undergraduate bachelor stagecoach in Civil Engineering, I was used to working in dally time and finishing the tasks right before they are due. It was not often of my choice, but due to the enormous amount of work I was rarely able to finish those tasks ahead of schedule. Unfortunately, I carried this habit with me to my group work last quarter.I never failed to meet a deadline, but by the end of the quarter a considerable amount of work was accumulated and I had to work extremely hard in set not to dismiss deadlines. I could have easily avoided this issue if I had started working originally on those projects. A huge reason for my procrastinating issue, in my opinion, is lack of self-control. Usually, I look fo r distractions deliberately or reasons to postpone working on the task at hand. I like to convince my self that I work better under pressure, using this as an excuse to postpone work.Although it might appear at first that this behavior affects only me as an individual and not the group as a whole, but my tendency to defer might cause my group to miss opportunities for improvement. By submitting my task estimable as it is due, I didnt leave room for improvement. My work could have needed get ahead review or it might have shed some light on an area that we overlooked, which gives us an opportunity to further enhance our body of work and make it even better. In my opinion, for our group to advance and improve we need to set some goals in order for us to reach a higher level of understanding and collaboration.Involvement is a huge factor in the success of any group so we should aim for having every members input in the decision making process and in the group discussions. Discussion s should be managed differently to make sure every member participates. Participation from all members is vital for any group because it allows different views and ideas to be shared so we need to produce a decision-making environment that allows all members to share views and ideas. We should ensure that everyone understands the objectives and the task at hand.We also need to develop more trust among our team members and avoid using shortcuts to form our perception. The Social Information Processing Model duologue about Self-fulfilling Prophecy or Pygmalion effect as a shortcut that influences perception, which is a situation in which our expectations about people affect our interaction with them in such a way that helps our expectations be fulfilled. For instance, in relations with the group member that is having difficulties in participating, if we allowed our expectations to influence how we interact with her, we will never be able to address this issue and we will maintai n place quo.Moreover, I could improve on a personal level and work on my procrastinating issue, which will eventually improve the overall performance of the group. I believe I already took the first step towards addressing this issue by recognizing it and admitting that its a negative behavior that needs to be eliminated. Another step, in my opinion, in addressing this issue is identifying whether I am procrastinating due to external reasons or internal reasons. External reasons could vary from time constraint to the image of job at hand, and internal reasons could be lack of motive or laziness.I tend to believe its the latter, as I occasionally postpone some tasks that are not work related or that does not have a time constraint. Procrastination is a habit that develops over time and hence, needs time to be eliminated. Although it is true that it is not a permanent habit of mine, i. e. it comes irregularly, it still affects my performance and hinders my abilities. I started tryi ng to reward my self upon completing tasks, in an attempt to avoid putting off those tasks for later.

Forward the Foundation Chapter 9

3Yet, veritable(a) so, Hari Seldon could not restrain the surge of sit downisfaction that he felt as he entered his laboratory.How things had changed.It had begun twenty dollar bill age earlier with his ingest doodlings on his second-rate bombardonian computer. It was in that locationfore that the introductory hint of what was to become parachaotic math came to him in a cloudy fashion. because there were the years at Streeling University, when he and Yugo Amaryl, on the job(p) together, attempted to normalize the equations, get rid of the inconvenient infinities, and realize a diss forever nigh the worst of the chaotic effects. They do genuinely(prenominal) little progress, indeed.But directly, later ten years as prototypical Minister, he had a completely(a) in distri bargonlyively floor of the latest computers and a whole staff of people functional on a large variety of problems.Of necessity, none of his staff-except for Yugo and himself, of course-could re ally live much much than the immediate problem they were dealing with. Each of them worked with yet a small ravine or eruptcropping on the gigantic mount range of psychohistory that save when Seldon and Amaryl could affect as a mountain range-and in cartridge h ageder they could see it only dimly, its peaks hidden in clouds, its slopes veiled by mist.Dors Venabili was right, of course. He would execute up to begin initiating his people into the entire mystery. The technique was getting easily beyond what only cardinal men could handle. And Seldon was aging. Even if he could quality for fightd to or so additional decades, the years of his most fruitful buck by dint ofs were certainly behind him.Even Amaryl would be thirty-nine within a month and, though that was exempt young, it was perhaps not overly young for a mathematician-and he had been working on the problem almost as dour as Seldon himself. His capacity for new and tangential in divideection baron be dwi ndling, too.Amaryl had seen him enter and was now approaching. Seldon watched him fondly. Amaryl was as much a Dahlite as Seldons nourish son, Raych, was, and yet Amaryl, despite his muscular physique and short stature, did not depend Dahlite at all. He lacked the mustache, he lacked the accent, he lacked, it would seem, Dahlite informedness of whatever kind. He had even been impervious to the lure of Jo-Jo Joranum, who had appealed so thoroughly to the people of Dahl.It was as though Amaryl recognized no sectoral patriotism, no planetary patriotism, not even Imperial patriotism. He beprospiciented-completely and entirely-to psychohistory.Seldon felt a twinge of insufficiency. He himself remained conscious of his first two decades on Helicon and there was no management he could march on from regarding of himself as a Heliconian. He wondered if that discernment was not sure to betray him by causing him to skew his thinking slightly psychohistory. Ideally, to use psychohist ory properly, one should be supra worlds and sectors and deal only with human beingnesss in the faceless abstract-and this was what Amaryl did.And Seldon didnt, he admitted to himself, sighing silently.Amaryl express, We be making progress, Hari, I suppose.You suppose, Yugo? Merely suppose?I dont emergency to jump into bug outer quad without a suit. He said this sooner un rubber eraserly (he did not get h grey-haired of much of a sense of humor, Seldon knew) and they moved into their private office. It was small, that it was excessively immobile shielded.Amaryl sat down and crossed his legs. He said, Your latest plan for getting around chaos whitethorn be working in part-at the cost of sharpness, of course.Of course. What we gain in the straightaway, we lose in the roundabouts. Thats the way the being works. Weve undecomposed got to fool it somehow.Weve fooled it a little bit. Its wish looking finished frosted glass.Better than the years we spent severe to look th rough lead.Amaryl muttered something to himself, therefore said, We lot catch glimmers of light and dark.ExplainI merchantmant, exactly I hold in the tip Radiant, which Ive been working on like a-a- drive lamec. Thats an animal-a beast of burden-we establish on Helicon. It doesnt exist on Trantor.If the lamec works hard, then that is what my work on the primary Radiant has been like.He pressed the gage keypad on his desk and a drawer unsealed and slid open noiselessly. He took out a dark opaque cube that Seldon scrutinized with interest. Seldon himself had worked out the Prime Radiants circuitry, exclusively Amaryl had put it together-a clever man with his hands was Amaryl.The room change and equations and relationships shimmered in the air. Numbers spread out beneath them, hovering just above the desk surface, as if suspended by invisible marionette strings.Seldon said, Wonderful. Someday, if we live coarse enough, well be possessed of the Prime Radiant produce a river of mathematical symbolization that volition chart yesteryear and future history. In it we fucking find currents and rivulets and work out ways of changing them in order to throw away them follow other currents and rivulets that we would prefer.Yes, said Amaryl dryly, if we john manage to live with the friendship that the actions we lay claim, which we allow mean for the best, may turn out to be for the worst. conceptualise me, Yugo, I never go to bed at night without that event(a) cerebration gnawing at me. Still, we havent come to it yet. All we have is this-which, as you theorize, is no more than than seeing light and dark fuzzily through frosted glass. align enough.And what is it you think you see, Yugo? Seldon watched Amaryl conclusionly, a little grimly. He was gaining weight, getting just a bit pudgy. He spent too much sentence readiness over the computers (and now over the Prime Radiant)-and not enough in physical activity. And, though he saw a woman now a nd then, Seldon knew, he had never married. A mistake Even a workaholic is lodged to take time off to satisfy a mate, to take concern of the compulsions of children.Seldon design of his own still-trim figure and of the manner in which Dors strove to trade name him keep it that way.Amaryl said, What do I see? The empire is in trouble.The conglomerate is ever so in trouble.Yes, provided its more specific. in that respects a possibility that we may have trouble at the center.At Trantor?I adopt. Or at the Periphery. Either there give be a bad government agency here-perhaps civil war-or the outlying Outer Worlds pull up stakes begin to break away. for certain it doesnt take psychohistory to shoot out these possibilities.The interesting thing is that there seems a mutual exclusivity. One or the other. The likelihood of both together is very small. Here reflexion Its your own mathematics. ObserveThey bent over the Prime Radiant display for a long time.Seldon said finally, I sound to see why the two should be mutually exclusive.So do I, Hari, precisely wheres the value of psychohistory if it shows us only what we would see anyway? This is demonstrate us something we wouldnt see. What it doesnt show us is, first, which alternative is meliorate, and second, what to do to eviscerate the better come to pass and depress the possibility of the worse.Seldon pursed his lips, then said slowly, I can tell you which alternative is preferable. Let the Periphery go and keep Trantor.Really?No question. We must keep Trantor stable, if for no other reason than that were here.Surely our own comfort isnt the decisive point.No, exclusively psychohistory is. What good volition it do us to keep the Periphery intact if conditions on Trantor force us to stop work on psychohistory? I dont say that well be killed, but we may be unable to work. The development of psychohistory is on what our unavoidableness pass on depend. As for the Empire, if the Periphery secedes it result only begin a disintegration that may take a long time to gain the core.Even if youre right, Hari, what do we do to keep Trantor stable?To begin with, we have to think about it.A silence fell between them and then Seldon said, Thinking doesnt make me happy. What if the Empire is altogether on the wrong run and has been for all its history? I think of that either time I express to Gruber.Whos Gruber?Mandell Gruber. A gardener.Oh. The one who came running up with the rake to bring through you at the time of the assassination attempt?Yes. Ive always been grateful to him for that. He had only a rake against possibly other conspirators with b geters. Thats loyalty. Anyhow, talking to him is like a breath of fresh air. I cant spend all my time talking to court officials and to psychohistorians.Thank you.Come You know what I mean. Gruber likes the open. He wants the wind and the rain and the biting cold and everything else that raw weather can bring to him. I miss it myself som etimes.I dont. I wouldnt care if I never go out there.You were brought up under the dome-but suppose the Empire consisted of simple unindustrialized worlds, living by herding and farming, with thin states and empty spaces. Wouldnt we all be better off?It sounds horrible to me.I found some spare time to check it as best I could. It seems to me its a case of unstable equilibrium. A thinly populated world of the causa I describe either grows moribund and impoverished, falling off into an lowbrowed near-animal train-or it industrializes. It is standing on a narrow point and topples over in either direction and, as it just so happens, almost every world in the Galaxy has fallen over into industrialization.Because thats better.Maybe. But it cant appease forever. Were watching the results of the overtoppling now. The Empire cannot exist for much longer because it has-it has overheated. I cant think of any other expression. What will follow we dont know. If, through psychohistory, we m anage to preserve the Fall or, more likely, force a recovery after the Fall, is that only to ensure another period of overheating? Is that the only future humanity has, to push the boulder, like Sisyphus, up to the top of a hill, only to see it roll to the bottom again?Whos Sisyphus?A character in a primitive myth. Yugo, you must do more reading.Amaryl shrugged. So I can learn about Sisyphus? Not important. Perhaps psychohistory will show us a path to an entirely new society, one altogether diverse from anything we have seen, one that would be stable and desirable.I hope so, sighed Seldon. I hope so, but theres no sign of it yet. For the near future, we will just have to labor to let the Periphery go. That will mark the initiation of the Fall of the Galactic Empire.4And so I said, said Hari Seldon. That will mark the beginning of the Fall of the Galactic Empire. And so it will, Dors.Dors listened, tight-lipped. She accepted Seldons offset Ministership as she accepted everythin g-calmly. Her only mission was to protect him and his psychohistory, but that task, she well knew, was do harder by his position. The best security was to go unnoticed and, as long as the Spaceship-and-Sun, the symbol of the Empire, shone down upon Seldon, all of the physical barriers in existence would be unsatisfactory.The luxury in which they now lived-the careful protect from spy beams, as well as from physical interference the advantages to her own historical research of being able to make use of closely unlimited funds-did not satisfy her. She would gladly have exchanged it all for their old quarters at Streeling University. Or, better yet, for a nameless flat tire in a nameless sector where no one knew them.Thats all very well, Hari dear, she said, but its not enough.Whats not enough?The information youre big(p) me. You say we might lose the Periphery. How? Why?Seldon smiled briefly. How nice it would be to know, Dors, but psychohistory is not yet at the stage where it c ould tell us.In your opinion, then. Is it the pipe dream of local faraway governors to declare themselves independent?Thats a factor, certainly. Its happened in past history-as you know far better than I-but never for long. Maybe this time it will be permanent.Because the Empire is weaker?Yes, because trade flows less freely than it once did, because communications are stiffer than they once were, because the governors in the Periphery are, in actual fact, adjacent to independence than they have ever been. If one of them arises with particular ambitions-Can you tell which one it might be?Not in the least. All we can force out of psychohistory at this stage is the definite noesis that if a governor of unusual ability and ambition arises, he would find conditions more suitable for his purposes than he would have in the past. It could be other things, too-some keen natural disaster or some sudden civil war between two distant Outer World coalitions. None of that can be precisely pr edicted as of now, but we can tell that anything of the sort that happens will have more serious consequences than it would have had a hundred ago.But if you dont know a little more precisely what will happen in the Periphery, how can you so guide actions as to make sure the Periphery goes, rather than Trantor?By keeping a close eye on both and trying to stabilize Trantor and not trying to stabilize the Periphery. We cant expect psychohistory to order events automatically without much greater knowledge of its workings, so we have to make use of constant manual controls, so to declare. In days to come, the technique will be refined and the take for manual control will decrease.But that, said Dors, is in days to come. Right?Right. And even that is only a hope.And just what kind of instabilities jeopardise Trantor-if we hang on to the Periphery?The same possibilities-economic and social factors, natural disasters, pushy rivalries among high officials. And something more. I have de scribed the Empire to Yugo as being overheated-and Trantor is the most overheated portion of all. It seems to be breaking down. The infrastructure-water supply, heating, waste disposal, burn lines, everything-seems to be having unusual problems and thats something Ive been turning my attention to more and more lately.What about the death of the Emperor?Seldon spread his hands. That happens inevitably, but Cleon is in good health. Hes only my age, which I wish was younger, but he isnt too old. His son is tout ensemble inadequate for the succession, but there will be enough claimants. more than than enough to cause trouble and make his death distressing, but it might not prove a total catastrophe-in the historic sense.Lets say his assassination, then.Seldon looked up nervously. Dont say that. Even if were shielded, dont use the word.Hari, dont be foolish. Its an eventuality that must be reckoned with. There was a time when the Joranumites might have taken reason and, if they had, the Emperor, one way or another-Probably not. He would have been more useful as a figurehead. And in any case, forget it. Joranum god last year on Nishaya, a rather pathetic figure.He had followers.Of course. Everyone has followers. Did you ever come across the world-wideist party on my native world of Helicon in your studies of the early history of the Kingdom of Trantor and of the Galactic Empire?No, I havent. I dont want to hurt your feelings, Hari, but I dont recall advent across any piece of history in which Helicon vie a role.Im not hurt, Dors. Happy the world without a history, I always say. In any case, about twenty-four hundred years ago, there arose a group of people on Helicon who were quite convince that Helicon was the only inhabited globe in the origination. Helicon was the Universe and beyond it there was only a solid sphere of riffle speckled with tiny stars.How could they believe that? said Dors. They were part of the Empire, I presume.Yes, but Globalists ins isted that all evidence to the effect that the Empire existed was either illusion or deliberate deceit, that Imperial emissaries and officials were Heliconians playing a part for some reason. They were perfectly immune to reason.And what happened?I suppose its always pleasant to think that your particular world is the world. At their peak, the Globalists may have persuaded 10 percent of the population of the planet to be part of the movement. Only 10 percent, but they were a vehement minority that drowned out the indifferent majority and threatened to take over.But they didnt, did they?No, they didnt. What happened was that Globalism caused a diminishing of Imperial trade and the Heliconian economy slid into the doldrums. When the article of belief began to affect the pocketbooks of the population, it lost popularity rapidly. The rise and fall puzzled many at the time, but psychohistory, Im sure, would have shown it to be inevitable and would have made it redundant to give it any thought.I see. But, Hari, what is the point of this story? I presume theres some connection with what we were discussing.The connection is that much(prenominal) movements never completely die, no matter how ridiculous their tenets may seem to sane people. Right now, on Helicon, right now there are still Globalists. Not many, but every once in a while seventy or eighty of them get together in what they call a Global Congress and take enormous pleasure in talking to each other about Globalism. Well, it is only ten years since the Joranumite movement seemed such a terrible threat on this world and it would not be at all surprising if there werent still some remnants left. There may still be some remnants a thousand years from now.Isnt it possible that a remnant may be dangerous?I doubt it. It was Jo-Jos charisma that made the movement dangerous-and hes deceased. He didnt even die a gun for hireic death or one that was in any way remarkable he just withered away and died in exile, a broken man.Dors stood up and walked the length of the room quickly, swinging her accouterments at her sides and clenching her fists. She returned and stood before the pose Seldon.Hari, she said, let me speak my mind. If psychohistory points to the possibility of serious disturbances on Trantor, then if there are Joranumites still left, they may still be plotting the Emperors death.Seldon laughed nervously. You jump at shadows, Dors. Relax.But he found that he could not dismiss what she had said quite that easily.5The Wye Sector had a tradition of opposition to the Entun Dynasty of Cleon I that had been ruling the Empire for over two centuries. The opposition dated back to a time when the line of Mayors of Wye had contributed members who had served as Emperor. The Wyan Dynasty had neither lasted long nor had it been conspicuously successful, but the people and rulers of Wye found it uncontrollable to forget that they had once been-however imperfectly and temporarily-supreme. The brief period when Rashelle, as the unauthorised Mayor of Wye, had challenged the Empire, eighteen years earlier, had added both to Wyes pride and to its frustration.All this made it reasonable that the small band of leading conspirators should feel as safe in Wye as they would feel anywhere on Trantor.Five of them sat around a table in a room in a run-down portion of the sector. The room was poorly furnished but well shielded.In a chair which, by its marginal favorable position in quality to the others, sat the man who might well be judged to be the leader. He had a thin face, a sallow complexion, and a wide mouth with lips so pale as to be close to invisible. There was a touch of gray in his hair, but his eye burned with an inextinguishable anger.He was staring at the man seated exactly opposite him-distinctly older and softer, his hair almost white, his plump cheeks care to quiver when he spoke.The leader said sharply, Well? It is quite unmingled that you have done nothing. E xplain thatThe older man said, I am an old Joranumite, Namarti. Why do I have to explain my actions? dramatic play Deen Namarti, once the right-hand man of Laskin Jo-Jo Joranum, said, There are many old Joranumites. Some are incompetent, some are soft, some have forgotten. creation an old Joranumite may mean no more than that one is an old fool.The older man sat back in his chair. Are you art me an old fool? Me? Kaspal Kaspalov? I was with Jo-Jo when you had not yet joined the party, when you were a ragged nothing in search of a cause.I am not calling you a fool, said Namarti sharply. I say only when that some old Joranumites are fools. You have a chance now to show me that you are not one of them.My association with Jo-Jo-Forget that. Hes deadI should think his spirit lives on.If that thought will help us in our fight, then his spirit lives on. But to others-not to us. We know he made mistakes.I deny that.Dont insist on making a hero out of a mere man who made mistakes. He thoug ht he could move the Empire by the strength of oratory alone, by words-History shows that words have moved mountains in the past.Not Joranums words, obviously, because he made mistakes. He hid his Mycogenian origins far too clumsily. Worse, he let himself be tricked into accusing First Minister Eto Demerzel of being a robot. I warned him against that accusation, but he wouldnt listen-and it disgraceed him. Now lets start fresh, shall we? Whatever use we make of Joranums memory for outsiders, let us not ourselves be transfixed by it.Kaspalov sat silent. The other three transferred their gaze from Namarti to Kaspalov and back, content to let Namarti consider the weight of the discussion.With Joranums exile to Nishaya, the Joranumite movement fell apart and seemed to vanish, said Namarti harshly. It would, indeed, have vanished-but for me. Bit by bit and rubble by rubble, I rebuilt it into a network that extends over all of Trantor. You know this, I take it.I know it, Chief, mumbled Kaspalov. The use of the title made it plain that Kaspalov was seeking reconciliation.Namarti smiled tightly. He did not insist on the title, but he always enjoyed sense of hearing it used. He said, Youre part of this network and you have your duties.Kaspalov stirred. He was clearly debating with himself internally and finally he said slowly, You tell me, Chief, that you warned Joranum against accusing the old First Minister of being a robot. You say he didnt listen, but at least you had your say. May I have the same privilege of pointing out what I think is a mistake and have you listen to me as Joranum listened to you, even if, like him, you dont take the advice given you?Of course you can speak your piece, Kaspalov. You are here in order that you might do so. What is your point?These new tactics of ours, Chief, are a mistake. They create disruption and do damage.Of course They are designed to do that. Namarti stirred in his seat, exacting his anger with an effort. Joranum tried persuasion. It didnt work. We will bring Trantor down by action.For how long? And at what cost?For as long as it takes-and at very little cost, actually. A power stoppage here, a water break there, a sewage backup, an air-conditioning halt. Inconvenience and discomfort-thats all it means.Kaspalov shook his head. These things are cumulative.Of course, Kaspalov, and we want public dismay and resentment to be cumulative, too. Listen, Kaspalov. The Empire is decaying. Everyone knows that. Everyone capable of good for you(p) thought knows that. The technology will fail here and there, even if we do nothing. Were just helping it along a little.Its dangerous, Chief. Trantors infrastructure is incredibly complicated. A careless push may bring it down in ruins. pull the wrong string and Trantor may topple like a rest home of cards.It hasnt so far.It may in the future. And what if the people find out that we are behind it? They would tear us apart. There would be no need to call in the sec urity establishment or the armed forces. Mobs would destroy us.How would they ever learn enough to blame us? The natural brand for the peoples resentment will be the government-the Emperors advisers. They will never look beyond that.And how do we live with ourselves, knowing what we have done?This last was asked in a whisper, the old man clearly moved by strong emotion. Kaspalov looked pleadingly across the table at his leader, the man to whom he had imprecate allegiance. He had done so in the belief that Namarti would truly push to bear the standard of freedom passed on by Jo-Jo Joranum now Kaspalov wondered if this is how Jo-Jo would have wanted his dream to come to pass.Namarti clucked his tongue, much as a reproachful parent does when confronting an errant child.Kaspalov, you cant seriously be turning sentimental on us, are you? Once we are in power, we will pick up the pieces and rebuild. We will gather in the people with all of Joranums old talk of popular participation in government, with greater representation, and when we are firmly in power we will establish a more efficient and bruising government. We will then have a better Trantor and a stronger Empire. We will set up some sort of discussion system whereby representatives of other worlds can talk themselves into a daze-but we will do the governing.Kaspalov sat there, irresolute.Namarti smiled joylessly. You are not certain? We cant lose. Its been working perfectly and it will continue working perfectly. The Emperor doesnt know whats going on. He hasnt the faintest notion. And his First Minister is a mathematician. He ruined Joranum, true, but since then he has done nothing.He has something called-called-Forget it. Joranum attached a great deal of importance to it, but it was a part of his being Mycogenian, like his robot mania. This mathematician has nothing-Historical analytic thinking or something like that. I heard Joranum once say-Forget it. estimable do your part. You handle the ventil ation in the Anemoria Sector, dont you? Very well, then. Have it conk out in a manner of your choosing. It either shuts down so that the humidness rises or it produces a peculiar odor or something else. None of this will kill anyone, so dont get yourself into a fever of virtuous guilt. You will simply make people uncomfortable and raise the general level of discomfort and annoyance. Can we depend on you?But what would only be discomfort and annoyance to the young and healthy may be more than that to infants, the aged, and the sickAre you going to insist that no one at all must be hurt?Kaspalov mumbled something.Namarti said, Its impossible to do anything with a guarantee that no one at all will be hurt. You just do your job. Do it in such a way that you hurt as few as possible-if your conscience insists upon it-but do itKaspalov said, Look I have one thing more to say, Chief.Then say it, said Namarti wearily.We can spend years poking at the infrastructure. The time must come when y ou take advantage of gathering dissatisfaction to seize the government. How do you intend to do that?You want to know exactly how well do it?Yes. The fast-breaking we strike, the more limited the damage, the more efficiently the surgery is performed.Namarti said slowly, I have not yet decided on the nature of this running(a) strike. But it will come. Until then, will you do your part?Kaspalov nodded his head in resignation. Yes, Chief.Well then, go, said Namarti with a sharp gesture of dismissal.Kaspalov rose, turned, and left. Namarti watched him go. He said to the man at his right, Kaspalov is not to be trusted. He has sold out and its only so that he can betray us that he wants to know my plans for the future. Take care of him.The other nodded and all three left, deviation Namarti alone in the room. He switched off the glowing wall panels, expiration only a lonely square in the ceiling to provide the light that would keep him from being entirely in the darkness.He thought Eve ry chain has weak links that must be eliminated. We have had to do this in the past and the result is that we have an organization that is untouchable.And in the dimness, he smiled, twisting his face into a kind of feral joy. afterward all, the network extended even into the Palace itself-not quite firmly, not quite reliably, but it was there. And it would be strengthened.

Critical and Creative Thinking in Short Essays Essay

Describe a situation of public involvement in which full of spirit and/or fictive thought could cook been used for a bust outcome. Describe why it is important to think censoriously and creatively in similar situations. Recent racial unrest has been a hot root word in the public interest arna. With the death of a young gentleman as a result of an encounter with law enforcement is difficult copious to deal with. Add to that dynamic that the young man was black and the police officer was white, and the dynamic instantly intensifies. That moment becomes and instant probability where critical and/or creative thought should be considered instead of a knee jerked meat reaction since in that location was nonhing in personate prior. My addressing this does non catch anything to do with the result of the riots, but anything to do with the reactions from both(pre nominated) sides of the dilemma.Both sides compulsory to consider what actually happened, how the entire event took place and ended, as come up as what the next step should be in anticipation of every scenario possible. There are enough brilliant minds in law enforcement as well as in the community that feel defied, to bridge any(prenominal) differences that may have been occurring prior to the event. If the community and the department that is in place to serve and protect them would pause long enough for what is in the top hat interest of all, they likely would have opted on an approach similar to a Community Policing approach where both sides were involved with changing the minds, actions, and directions of the entire community. unsex free testament, truth, knowledge, and opinion. Explain how we use them to habitus thoughts. What role does each add in critically assessing situations? Free will, by definition, is having the ability or business leader to act without regard to limitations and at the individuals own discretion. directly, to define the word truth, it would be that it is anything that is truein accordance with feature or reality and is also a fact or belief that is accepted as true. attached is knowledge which is defined as facts, information, or skills learned by a person or group of people. This can be d champion with experiences or an education. Simply, it is having the awareness or familiarity that is gained by experience of a fact or situation.Lastly, is the word opinion. This relates to a view or judgment form by an individual or a group close to something or anything and it is not necessarily ground on fact or knowledge. a good deal it is an estimation of the quality of worth of somebody or something that is the beliefs or views of a large number or majority of people active a particular thing. It essentially is an estimation of the quality or worth of someone or something.Each of these has a role and each plays in critically assessing situations. For instance, free will allows for a decision to be made brutald solely on how an ind ividual feels about what is being addressed. They can form their own belief or judgment and choose how they feel about it, how it affects them, without the concern on how it will devise early(a)s feel about them.Now relating to truth, all of the information that is known and to be true is presented and a determination of how one feels about it or allows it to affect them is their choice.Knowledge allows a person to form an immediate attitude or estimation about any topic because personal experiences or set outed information creates an influence or reaction immediately.The word opinion has almost as much of an opportunity to make an immediate impression. This is mostly based on knowledge that may have been obtained but not personally see. Identify three hindrances to the critical cerebration process. Determine manners for overcoming these hindrances. Identify a time in which you experienced a hindrance in critical thinking. Describe a method you could use to overcome the hindra nces. To definehindrances before identifying how it effects the critical thinking process, I would say it is a resistance to change, conformity, and/or self-deception. I will address how to overcome these in the order that they listed. First, to overcome resistance to change, a person must be open-minded and welcoming to things that are new. This does not mean that they must be immediately accepted, just considered.Secondly, to overcome conformity, it alone needs for a person to think for themselves and not be touch on about what former(a) people believe or even if they fate your view. Lastly, to overcome self-deception, we must be honest with ourselves, our inner selves. Once we obtain as much information about a person, subject, or topic, we base our findings on what we now know or feel about it. A time when I was personally faced with any of the hindrances listed, was when I untrue the new position with this startup company. It is very different from any other position that I have held. Although I do not have a vast knowledge of everything that goes on in the company, I ask an incredible amount of experiences. Here, I have experienced many coworkers at my level of management that insist that they know what is in the shell interest of the company on any given situation. Although they ask for opinions, they often go with their own.Everyone is just supposed to be on board and there are some that act like lemmings and simply follow along. To not make waves, I often allowed this to continue, although I felt strongly that the input I had was not only valid, but equally important. To combat the resistance to change, I openly considered what the final decision was going to be and honestly weighed it against my input. I then decided that conforming was not necessarily in the best interest of the company, so I composed an approach to share what I had to offer and compared it to what was being considered. During establishing how I was going to present it, I was subject to share this with vigor and assurance because I was honest with myself when weighing both mine and their options. Identify a message in advertising. Describe how you embrace the message of the advertisement.Try to determine the reality of the advertisement. Distinguish between your lore and the reality of the message. I am a Harley Davidson fan, I own one and I ride it often despite the weather stipulations. Very often, other motorcycle companies will do what they can to mimic the style and benevolence of the Harley Davidson. This is to convince potential buyers that they are just as goodif not better, and less expensive. Although some parts of their advertisement may be true, there are many parts of it that are not. What they often end up doing is over emphasizing quality as well as quantity. It is not that it cannot be obtained, it is just that it can only be obtained for a nominal fee.Again, it is the fine print that most people overlook that actually reveals the tr uth. I have been deluded myself because of how convincing they campaign is, that I have pondered at least looking at their offer. With the advent of pausing your television, I do so at the end of the commercial and read the fine print. More times than not, it reveals the condition that the motorcycle comes in and it is never what you see being driven some by the actor(s). Critical and creative thinking occurs in everyones life whether they fool it or not. It would be in the best interest of everyone if they accomplished the importance of learning to be a more critical and creative thinker. This way, they can feel better about the outcome or realize that the decision was theirs and not someone elses. It is easier to learn from your own mistakes.

Poverty and Deprivation Essay

The ara a baby bird grows up in has an effect, for manikin if a squirt is brought up on a council kingdom in poor housing they be more likely to imbibe health problems. If p atomic number 18nts are not running(a) or construct secondary income jobs they are likely to buy cheaper food and usually this means visit superior which can lead to health problems. Children and their families may have disappoint expectations. They might settle for the life that id mapped out. If a child lives in high up rise flats or appartments they have less oppportunities to play. In poor quality housing in that respect may not be a tend or safe playing area. This is reducing the childs opportunities to develop their natural crude motor skills.This of course is not always the case and there are many ways that we can tackle these issues and help to improve the chances and opportunities children have who live in poverty. However, if a drop of nourishing food is a problem due to severe povert y, this can severly damage a childs physical and mental well being. This can have a knock on effect in the sense that they become listless and withdrawn from having no energy, meaning they find it hard to take part in ontogenesis activities and wont have the benefit of developing their information further. If there is a strained parental relationship due to money worries a child will undoubtedly be affect by this also. privation can affect children adversley in many ways and its grand that they get what they are missing at home when they go to pre-school/nursery. recital of abuse and neglect Family environment and indorseground Behaviour of mother during maternity During pregnancy, if a mother smokes, takes drugs, becomes ill or suffers from stress or disquiet this can result in premature birth and health problems for the do by such as - low birth weight, undeveloped organs, problems with sight and hearing. These are all problems that could delay their exploitation. Some c hildren are born with conditions that could affecttheir development such as a blood disorder.Personal choices If a child or young person as decided for what ever case they do not call for to be educated or recant school before they finish their education, this is their choice and we cannot always show them selection choices for staying at school.Looked after/care status This again could have a huge influence as a lot of looked after children are moved around regularly. This will effect their education enormously. Separation and trammel issues are quite often the cause of many reasons not to want to be in school. This is constantly worked on by schools to find the surmount way to include these children in school and to be able to ante up them a good standard of education.Education If for example a child has not attended a nursery or play grouping in their early years this can often set them back from what development stage they should be at when attending school. This could b e the lack of nursery places, not good enough teachers to the child having a erudition disability that has not been identified yet.2.3 Explain how theories of development and frameworks to support development influence modern practice.Albert Bandura imitating/copying other.Burrhus Skinner learning is affected by awars and punishments. Jean Piaget children actively involved in their learning. Shabhna Jerome active in witness learning, develop different ways of thinking at different stages. Lev Vygotsky- partition off of Proximal Development/scaffolding, children actively learning through social interaction.How current theorist views influence practice today.Skinner reward charts and other positivist reinforcement techniques.Vygotsky developed a concept called proximal development which centres on the idea that adults help children to learn and that children help each other . manoeuvre children to look for answers by imitating what they see in others, listening to instruct ions and working as part of a group all provide opportunities for them to aggrandise their current base of knowledge. Bruner- developed spiral curriculum which makes us turn over that children learn through discovery with direct assistance by adults to make headway them to return to activities time and time again which would develop and extend their learning. His possibility is used today as children have plenty of opportunity for forgive play and child initiated activities which form the majority of the day under the unveiling Phase Curriculum. Bandura developed the social learning theory which is basically learning through watching others. By setting a good example and modelling good behaviour children will learn how to behave appropriately.

A summary of your self-analysis Essay

Audience Analysis (Rating 1 (2) 3 4) interpretation My auditory sense is a mixture of students and ordinary people of various ages. They be the laughingstockaille that form the greater number of the society who prefers plain and simple language, and whose culture, inescapably and interests argon facilitated by their interpersonal relationship and by their raw material routine activities.I encircle 2 because I rank 4 as the audience composed of scholars and 3 composed of professionals and well educated people. They be the most important audience as they are the people who are aware of the issues confronting the society and are highly capable of judging me.I chose 3 because they are not my audience yet. Written Communication (Rating 1 2 (3) 4) Explanation I chose 3 because I see my egotism-importance as between 4 and 2. Given the 4 as in truth good, I would not rank my self this high as I am fully aware I still gather up to better in create verbally communication. However, I chose 3 in the sense that I do-nothing write short magazine article, write formal letters, and written communication such memorandum for various department of the company. I chose 3 simply to emphasize where I am in the scales of 1 to 4 being 1 as underlying and four as real good. Oral Communication (Rating 1 (2) 3 4).Explanation I am not good enough in spontaneous communication provided I fuck communicate fairly well. Given that 1 exigency improvement which means basic, I do subscribe to improvement excessively besides as I said, I can communicate orally but not as effective as I do in the written communication. So though not truly basic which means 1, I need further improvement in oral communication so I encircle 2 as my order in this aspect. Visual Communication (Rating 1 2 (3) 4) Explanation I can say that I have skill in this suit of communication I can use visual aids efficaciously in such a bureau that my audience understands well the ideas that I conveyed t o them.However, I could not say that I do not need improvement at all, am not not perfect and I need to continually improve my skill. So I encircle 3 to emphasize on this regard. Self-image and the image that you project (Rating 1 2 (3) 4) Explanation I am rather good at projecting my self but I feel that I need to do. Yes, I can project the image that I wanted my audience to identify me but I still could not say I am really good in this, so I in the rating of 1 to 4 I would chose 3 being 1 as the basic and 4 as that do not need improvement.Effectiveness of relations with feelingsyour own and others (Rating 1 (2) 3 4) Explanation Unfortunately, I am quite weak in dealing with my own feelings much more that of others. I still have to address my weakness particularly my temperament and emotional impulses. In this case I rate my self 2 thither are still a lot in me that I need to improve. Based on your self-evaluation, please answer the following questions What are your major(ip) communication strengths? Please list. Among my major communication skills are the following, 1. ) I am a good listener.Citing the work of Covey, Poulter, Brooks and Goldstein (2001) pointed out that it is difficult, if not impossible, to shut up in effective communication if we fail to listen (p. 49). 2. ) I can write well and express my ideas through with(predicate) writing. 3. ) I can also effectively convey ideas through using visual aids. 4. ) I can project the image that I wanted people to identify me.What are your major communication weaknesses? Please list. 1. ) I am weak in dealing with my emotional impulses which often affect my communication with others. 2. ) I am also weak in oral communication 3.), and in dealing with 3 and 4 audience category What are your goals for improving your lead communication skills?Please list. The goals that I want to pursue to improve my leaders communication are 1. ) I need to overcome my emotional impulses and to reign over well my temp erament, through asking my self what is it that I really wanted to achieve. 2. ) Improve my oral communication skills by learning from great poets and speakers through studying their speeches. 3. ) Enhance my listening and writing ability through find out who my audience is and how will I level my communication to my audience.How will you confine feedback to ensure that you are making progress on your goals? Please explain. I would say that the best way for me to obtain feedback apply the Leadership Practices size up Assessment & professional development plan.This leadership assessment developed by Kouzes and Posner specialized in getting feedback and I would say that it is the best way of obtaining feedback to ensure that I am making progress on my goals. role Poulter, S. B. , Brooks, R. , & Goldstein, S. (2001) Raising Resilient Children New York McGraw-Hills.

How Does Poverty Affect Worldwide Development Essay

How does pauperism affect piecewide breeding and the use of the Millennium Development Goals?The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) ar a assemblage of polishs created by the U.N, set to be achieved sphericly by 2015. in that location are eight incompatible goals ranging from Gender Equality to Environmental Sustainability. The run intoshoot goal is To eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger and more specifically, Halve, in the midst of 1990 and 2015, the proportion of commonwealth whose income is less than $1 a daytime. By 2005, the global need rate dec business organisationd from 46% in 1990 to 27%. Also, the scrap of people in developing regions vitality on less than $1.25 (US) a day declined from 1.8 meg in 1990 to 1.4 billion in 2005. This was very encouraging to the U.N. nevertheless then, the financial crisis hit. The economic crises sparked large declines in exports and slowed trade worldwide. Thankfully, the overall poverty rate is still expected to fall to 1 5 per cent by 2015.This translates into around 920 million people living under the poverty line which is half the number in 1990.capital of SingaporeSingapore is most sure as shooting a developed sylvan as it has a booming providence and has completed every MDG. When the Millennium Development Goals were created in 2000, Singapore was already a very developed country and one of the biggest powers in Asia. angiotensin converting enzyme of Singapores main trades is tourism, and in 2010, Singapore welcomed 11.6 million visitors, which generated 18.8 billion dollars. In the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report released by the man Economic Forum, Singapore emerged top in the Asia-Pacific region, and was ranked 10th unwrap of 139 world economies for competitiveness of the tourism sector. This just goes to show that Singapore is a key player in the world tourism sector and is up the top with Switzerland, Ger some(prenominal), France and Canada.There is very little data about pove rty in Singapore as it can only be effectuate in a small number of cases rather than tens of thousands of people. That being said, Singapore does pick up many poor and homeless people. Sadly, they are usually the cured trying to look after themselves by busking or selling items off the streets. The Singapore government has implemented different action plans to counter this b another(prenominal) and has welfare programs that can benefactor people in desperate need. presently however, there are only 3000 families qualify.The average household income was at S$7,214 in 2010, which is more than enough for a family to afford basic necessities. so far this data may not be accurate at representing the authority. The number may have been lifted significantly by the wealthy locals and expats living here. What this does is cover the fact that there may be families living on much less that stated.CambodiaCambodia is recognised as a developing country and needs assistance in completing M DG number 1. Cambodia has a need of natural resources and a primitive industrial base causing horticulture to be a key part in its economy. Rice provides the fix diet and was Cambodias major(ip) export before 1970. Cambodias received GDP is $30.13 gazillion U.S and the average income is $2000 U.S. This statement does not do the situation in Cambodia any justice. The people of Cambodia (usually in country-bred areas) suffer from 31% of the population being under the poverty line. This means that they live on less than $1.25 U.S a day.From 2003, when the Government of Cambodia commenced the MDGs, Cambodia has made good progress in some goals and very limited in others. While there has been a significant improvement in poverty rates in urban areas, the rates are still very high in rural areas. Implementing MDG number 1 would greatly improve the lives of the Cambodians. In 1990, it is estimated that 29% of Cambodia was to a lower place the Dollar a Day rate before falling to 19% in 2004. Poverty has stalled the instruction of Cambodia as the priority of the government is rivet on the people in poverty. To complete the MDGs especially goal number 1, would be very beneficial for the Cambodians as the government could focalization on developing the different trades and work on creating a safer, sustainable and productive future.ComparisonSingapore and Cambodia are both located in South East Asia, but there are some major differences between them. For example, Singapore has completed all of the 8 development goals, musical composition Cambodia has only completed just one to date. Singapores G.D.P is $292.4 (US) Billion compared to Cambodias $30.13 Billion (US). Singapore is ranked 41st for G.D.P in the world compared to Cambodia at 108th. In the Human Development Index, Singapore is ranked twenty-seventh compared to Cambodias 124th.The Human Development Index (HDI) is a comparative cadence of life expectancy, literacy, education and standards of living for countries worldwide. There are many different methods of comparing the two countries and in nearly all of them, Singapore and the other developed countries will be higher ranked. That is why we must globally focus on assistanting the developing countries and the Millennium Development Goals are a great system for identifying and solving the issues that are faced.How we can helpPoverty and Hunger can cause large problems in development and they need to approached globally. This does not mean though, that the only people that can help are governments, charities and large corporations. No, individuals are able to help in many ways. From simple things like donating money to a charity or facelift awareness to organizing a full blown fund-raising event. Every thought and gift counts. Due to technological advances and increased popularity of social networks in recent years, a new window of opportunity for awareness and donation has been created. Facebook is an example. Currently, the w ebsite can drift the number of memberships is over 1 billion users.This is a massive patsy audience and provides easy methods of awareness. Simple ideas such as creating a group or a page providing information and awareness on a chosen M.D.G or charity, then inviting your friends who then pass it on. Another interest website is http//www.freerice.com/. This website gives the user questions on a variety of topics and states that they will donate 10 grains of rice to the World Food Program whenever you answer the question correctly. This is realistic through the use of sponsors on the page. This is a great idea and it allows users to have a sense of physically

Wear and Appearance of the Army Uniform

In the armed services there atomic number 18 many identicals a soldier has to snap. This is for the different activities a soldier does. For allthing from their nonchalant Physical Training (PT), their regular working uniform phalanx struggle Uniform (ACU), or their dress uniform either the Army help Uniform (ASU), or the Army Green Service Uniform (Class A). apiece uniform is design to fit a specific task and to be worn a in certain(a) way. A great resource for either the ASU or the Class A is the U. S. ARMY UNIFORM GUIDE. I found this pocket-size book a great resource because it pictures every form of the ASU for both males and females soldiers, for murdericers and enlisted. I found this to be great because it shows where everything goes, and how to beak everything, and for a new soldier like me it is important to surrender the wee things unspoiled. Over time the uniform of a soldier has change. Since the days of the rotatory War to today modern wars in Afghan istan and Iraq the uniform has change merely the guide lines has non. As the uniform evolved, so has the convention that covers it has besides.The regulation that covers this is Army Regulation 670-1, the covers everything from how to cut and celebrate your hair to how to clothing jewelry, eyeglasses and sunglasses. This regulation is slightlything every soldier should read, even the ones who fix been in for over hug drug years. Because from what I have learned is that this regulation is constantly changing. How to move into the army uniform is important because when we put on the uniform we dont just represent ourselves but the army as a tot altogethery as well. One thing I have learned in my short 20 years of life is how important the clothes you wear impact you as person.Because they can be tell tell sings of what figure of person you be. As in the book APPERANCES witch talks nigh how the clothes you wear can say a lot of what fibre of person you are, or how do you live your lifestyle. When I was a little boy I would everlastingly watch how a few of my neighbors, which were in the National Guard, would be dress and how I notice that each of their uniforms would be. only of them look good, with their boots clean and polish, uniforms clean, aspect how a soldier should be.When I was is the dark blue Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps (NJROTC) I learned how to wear the uniform, even much when I came into the army. In basic reading I learned how correct looks like. My drill sergeants would always be looking overlord at all times and I would always say this to myself (there null ever wrong with any of their uniform). But they would always say if you descry something wrong with any of our uniforms tell us, and the same goes for your battle buddy. Thats when I rattling learned to start to look for the little things most peck would not notice.That when I started to pay much attention to my own uniform. I would always taking one last q uick peck forwards formation, always trying to look for the things that new(prenominal) people would not analyse but would notice. As a military police soldier I think we should be held to a higher standard. In everything from the physical training we do, to how our uniform should be. All of our pockets should be lie down flat. All of our buttons and zippers should be button and zipped. Our boots should always be clean, rid of any and all filth and mud. The uniform as a whole should be cleaned at all times.Because we are the first ones who people see on the gates. Because first impressions are everything, I would never see my dad going to work looking like garbage, he would always look professional. This applies to us even more because when we are patrolling we are the ones who people see giving tickets. We are the ones who answer to when people have any flake of an emergency, we are the ones who will show up at the scene of an accident. The general population expect more of u s because we are not only police officers we are military polices soldiers.Which many people would assume since we are in the military we should have more sort out. When you see that soldier who uniform is all messed up, you would assume either him or one of his attractions dont have the discipline to maintain the uniform. Thats something we as military police soldiers cant be. Whenever you pull over that first sergeant, or that captain that are not only going to look at your rank but your uniform as well, because they are most seeming going to think his uniform look like shit, how do I get if he is doing his job the right way when he cant even maintain his uniform looking as it should. That where I believe our leaders neck into play, they are not only there to help us, but also to fix us when we are wrong. So when I keep blowing off the fact my uniform did look like shit, I should have at peace(p) to one of them to see if they could help me fix the mistake. Its important to wear to army uniform correctly because the habits you do while you are phratry in a safe environment will continue when you deploy. Whenever you go on a mission you should always double and triple incorporate yourself to gain ground sure you have the right equipment.To make sure you are not missing the little things like you camel bag, or even the outstanding things like you weapon. Thats why its important to always hit yourself in the mirror before you leave. Not only to check you have the right things but also to make sure everything is in the right place, looking how it should. The same goes for whenever you go out, you always want to be looking good at all times, where ever you go. Thats the same type of thinking you need to have every time you put on the army uniform.Because for me every time I put that uniform on I fell a since of pride, knowing I am a soldier, knowing I am one of the few people of this soil that is willing to and able to. As soldiers we are required to do certain things, some of these include doing physical training daily, safekeeping our leaders notified, keeping our uniforms squared away at all times. Because you will never know when your first sergeant or sergeant major decides to do a surprise inspection on you, we have to be ready at all time.One freehanded soldier can have a gigantic negative impact on the rest of the team, because that one bad soldier can influence the good soldiers around him, to make him do the bad and wrong things. Every time when we wear the uniform we are not only representing ourselves but the army, our country, and the ideas of a free country. Therefore the uniform should always be neat there should never be any otiose for why our uniforms are ever out of order. The army is a team, on that team ever one wears the same uniform. If you teammate on basketball, football, soccer, or volleyball you would go over a correct them.The same has to keep back to the army. When we are in that uniform people ar e going to be looking at us not just because we are in the military but sometimes because the people who are looking at us are old retires who want to see the next contemporaries of soldiers keeping the same traditions alive. Or they could be a person in a different branch of the military looking to see how the other branches wear their uniforms. When we wear the army uniform in public we should not bring bad attention to ourselves. One the type of attention that would make that little boy says I want to be like them some day. That how first got interested in military. The proper wear of the army uniform is important for many reasons. One of these reasons is to have a strong discipline soldier at all times. Because when you wear the army uniform correctly it does show you have discipline. But it also reflects how your leaders are, either the ones who really dont care about their soldiers or the type of leader who takes the time to get to know his soldiers. Another reason why its im portant to wear the army uniform correctly is because it instill a since of pride that only those who have earned the right to called themselves United States Soldiers.

Foot Binding, Status and Society in Early China Essay

In early china, the Han Dynasty to the bar of the Manchu Dynasty, there was a practice known as pes backbone. fanny cover song was considered a symbol of status for wo worldpower for many reasons. The disabling clear of metrical unit hold fast caused women not to be able to participate in any form of hard bear on, it confined them to the inhabitancy, and was considered erotic by men, gum olibanum acceptable. The explanation for cover charge ones feet tells us that society at the clip was super patriarchal, that a womens chastity was extremely important, and that it was imperative for women to conform to changing cultural ideals.Foot binding was a practice that started during the Tang Dynasty when a prince, Li Yo, enjoyed watching his concubine dance before him with tiny curtail lily feeti. Since and so it became popular in the Han Dynasty. Women would wash and mass come on their daughters feet, turn their toes under, and then they would break their daughters arche s, and finally wrap the beak tightly in a cotton bandage pulling the big toe and heel unitedly as well as hold the rest of the toes in placeii. The average length of the foot was three inches after the process had been completed.This caused the foot to be seriously deformed. The women would be disabled to the point where they could bargonly walk some cartridge holders toes would even fall off as a result of the bindingsiii. operative and peasant class women would not usually have their feet bound because it was obligatory for them to be able to do manual labour, but if mothers desired for their daughters to hook up with into good families they would risk losing their daughters labour to bind their daughters feet. pic Foot binding was considered a symbol of status for several reasons, many elating to how women were seen during this era.The earlier Chinese peoples had a society based on Confucian values. Confucianism has its invertebrate foot on the Yin and Yang idealiv. Yin is the representative of all that is bad, weak, and female and Yang is all that is good, strong, and male. The analogous butt joint be seen in early Chinese values. At the time of foot binding the Chinese mat up that women were weak, immoral, and should be subservient to men. workforce felt that the female body should be repressed to adjust it chaste and to keep women in their inferior place.Therefore the bound foot allowed women to target their loyalty, publicly, to these ideals. A woman who lived as an obedient and chaste person was desirable to men at the time and foot binding was a way for women to show that they were this way. There are other reasons as well, why foot binding was used as an emblem of status. Besides being a abridge of chastity and obedience in a woman, being desirable traits, foot binding was used to show that a female was of a flush accent (in the beginning). A woman who had her feet bound as a shaver could not endure jumping for any lengthy period of time unassisted.Standing on a bound foot was very biting and nearly carried a cane to shift their weight on. Therefore, if women could barely stand with bound feet, they besides could not work. This meant that only women from families that could afford to do without their labour could afford to bind their feet. As a result when a mans family, of wealthy background, was in search of a bride they would search for a bride with bound feet because they not only would know that she was from a wealthy background herself, but knew she would not leave the home often, and would not cheat.Mothers often started the binding process on their daughters as young as four geezerhood old to hear their daughters a good marriage later in lifev. This shows that it was important for a woman to marry into a good family because women were impulsive to endure such pain in the ass for elevated social status and a secure life. When foot binding was prevalent, a mans ask were second only to a parent s needs. When men began to find foot binding physically erotic many women had their feet bound to make themselves more attractive to the opposite sex.Just as women today adopt their feet into tight torturous high heels for the sake of cosmetics, Chinese women bound their feet for the same reason for the sake of being more physically attractive for men. Men found the staggering dance-like walkvi of the bound foot to be extremely erotic. As well the struggle to walk actually made the muscles of the vagina tighter, increasing sexual pleasure for menvii. During this period men found the foot to be the most alluring part of the female body, when tightly bound to a length of three inches.Therefore not only was a bound foot a symbol of wealth and adherence to cultural values, but it was also a sign of beauty. The Manchu Dynasty tried to abolish the tradition of foot binding during its rule, but failed. The practice of foot binding went on in China for approximately one thousand years. It was outlawed after 1911 when the Manchu Dynasty fell. There are actually women who still practice foot binding today because they savour it is attractive, but their numbers are very smallviii.Though the practice is nigh extinct today, foot binding continued somewhat after its being outlawed for the sake of tradition which is very important in Chinese culture, then and now. The entire practice of foot binding tells the historian a lot about Chinese society up to the end of the govern of the Manchu Dynasty. Foot binding shows how China was an extreme patriarchy. Society at the time felt that a womans place was in the home and to be chaste, a bound foot kept her there. A woman who had bound feet openly showed that she was more than willing to conform to the values of the age for the sake of status.The practice of foot binding also showed that when it came time to be married it was important to be from a wealthy background to ensure a good match, and stability within the marriage. F inally, foot binding shows that in this era women were seen as objects for they enjoyment of men. From the first concubine who bound her feet and danced for a prince to satisfy his desire, to later women who did it to be seen as sexual objects, foot binding has been a custom to gratify mens desires, despite the pain and malformation it causes.

Compare and contrast paper about two short stories Essay

In the writings A commentary of forward-looking England by rump metalworker and Of Plymouth Plantation by William Bradford, the noise of these two selections spay noticeably. Both authors use certain tones to attract and work certain audiences. John metalworker wrote of what a wondrous place the pertly-fashioned World was, small-arm on the other hand Bradford wrote about the difficulties and realities of the crude World. Author John Smith, a pilgrim who arrived in the Americas, writes a description of the smart land. In A rendering of bare-assed England he shows what a wonderful world of vast food and merriment await. William Bradford, another pilgrim who arrived in Plymouth on the coast of Massachusetts, gives his take on the early settling of the new land. In Of Plymouth Plantation he writes a description of what rattling happened their, how the pilgrims actually lived.In A Description of New England, Smith starts by describing the pleasure and limit that risking y our life for getting your own piece of land brings to men. He as well as implies that building your own house, planting your own crops, and having a Gods blessing industry would be easy to have without having any prejudice. He talks about the joy of erecting towns and then populating them. John Smith rarely mentions the Native Americans, but when he does he says that they are near people and that they helped them when the arrived. Smith to a fault makes references to ways of profiting from daily activities such as hunting and farming.This is his way of persuading others to make a voyage to the New World. For example, John Smith states For hunting afford not only chase adequate for any delight that in that kind of toil or pleasure but such beasts to hunt that besides the delicacy of their bodies for food, and their skins are so rich as may well recompense thy daily bear on with a captains pay. By persuading others to come to the New World, it can also be seen that Smith expects t o profit from these new settlers. John Smith appears to be directive his writing towards certain monetary individuals wanting to invest in the new colonies.In Of Plymouth Plantation, Bradford begins by reminding us how harsh and difficult the trip to the New World was for the pilgrims. He writes about the condition of the men who arrived to the shore. He also mentions that in the New World there was no one to incur them, more over there was nothingto stay in, no houses and no inns. When William Bradford mentions the Native Americans, he says that they greeted them with arrows. Bradford also attempts to persuade others to visit the New World, with a spectral approach. This attempt is made even though he does draw off the difficulties in the New World. In Bradfords eyes, had not the Puritan Pilgrims been graced by God then their long and demanding exploration, all would have been in vain. constitute after year Bradford keeps sight of the signs from God meant to help the Pilgrims of Plymouth, Massachusetts. After old age in the New World, Bradford talks of Squanto, the Indian, becoming an instrument sent form God for their good. Then he goes onto compare the Pilgrims journey to the New World with the Israelites exodus from Egypt. It is clear to see that these religious references are utilise to persuade his audience to see the purity of the Pilgrims journey to Plymouth. William Bradford appears to be writing towards certain religious individuals who want to make a pilgrimage toe the new colonies.Even though the tones of these two writings, A Description of New England by John Smith and Of Plymouth Plantation by William Bradford, vary distinctly, both authors attempt to persuade certain audiences. Smith attempts to persuade the financial advisors who wish to invest in the New World, while Bradford attempts to persuade the religious individuals to make a pilgrimage to the New World. Bradford wrote about the difficulties and realities of the New World, whil e Smith wrote about how wonderful the New World was. Pilgrim John Smith wrote a description of the new land in which he describes what an amazing world of vast food and pleasure awaited others. Another Pilgrim, William Bradford, gave a different description of the new land. He gave a description of what really happened, of how the pilgrims really lived.

Food Security in Society

intellectual nourishment Security There is no sincerer cognise than the love of sustenance, George Bernard Shaw a literary critic once said. His statement peal true, as food feeds the functions of society. However, not every(prenominal) countries feel the cushion of a full meal each day. Every class 15 billion children die from hunger. Scarcity of food is an epidemic affecting people all everyplace the world. Therefore, food security, the access by which all people at any time can nurture access to enough alimental food for an individual to have a healthy life, is a alert part of a countries allude.Nigeria is one such realm, like many others in which food security is of high concern. No longer a ordinal world inelegant, as of 2005, Nigeria has been decl bed a middle class sylvan and continues to develop from there. However, this does not patch up Nigeria exempt from the brutality of hunger and the famine of food. Officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, Ni geria is a country located in West Africa with its borders being surrounded by Chad, Benin, Cameroon and Niger. Nigeria is the most populated country in Africa and the seventh most populated in the entire world.Naturally, with such a high population the amount and production of food is a large concern for the government. As stated by Olyeran-Oyeyinkain the book, The Gene revolution and Global Food Security, Agriculture has become a study indorser to the Nigerias economy. Accounting for active 40% of gross domestic product (GDP) and employing about 60% of the work force (Olyeran 117). The main crops that workers t oil colour on are as follows beans (varieties which implicate cocoa beans, soy beans) sesame, cashews, cassava, groundnuts, gum arabic, kola nut, corn, melon, millet, treat kernels, palm oil, plantains, rice, rubber, Guinea corn, and yams.Because of the many different climates that Nigeria possesses, it is possible for it to grow these alter crops. However, agricult ure with larger sized crops is not a prevalent sour of agribusiness for the country. Whats stopping larger production is not viridity factors such as scarcity of water or even an discriminate climate to flourish in, but it is restricted collect to low fertility in the soil. This stop many crops from even sprouting. Also, lack of cultivation stops from farming on a bigger scale as well. bloodline is not a huge factor in the country any much.Though farming is not as large scale as it could be, it has taken over the land and caused insufficient homes for the animals to live in. Excess of population has also caused the countries juicy of elephants, tigers, buffalo, leopards, and other big game to be found in every animal timiditys or remote countryside areas. The animals are forced to baring homes elsewhere. Antelope, mon underlyings and jackals are still more commonly widespread and seen more much in Nigeria. The bigger game may be hard to suffer but the common livestock e aten in Nigeria is as follows cattle, donkey, duck, geese, goat, chicken, guinea fowls, pigeon, pigs, sheep, and turkey.Meat is a widespread form of nutrition in the country, but crops are a much more common item to be dined upon. Fisheries also supply a large amount of resources for the cultures cuisine. Most popular seafood life includes crab, shrimp, cheat and moon fish. With all this said, food security in Nigeria has not been the topper over the years, with short(p) farming resources and food being outsourced, most of the country has been left hungry. However, as of a 2010 food security review of Nigeria, things have been looking up.After the growing season completed in 2010 food supplies were on the higher side at both household and market levels. In most parts of northern Nigeria the livestock prices and household food reserve levels as of January 2010 are at an affordable price. These two factors are key elements in determining food security. This does not say that social red ink does not still rain supreme in the country. Recovery from a difficult hunger season usually shows a slow growth, all the same in 2010 the hunger season had gone by faster than pass judgment due to thee above addressed unusual prices of livestock and crops.Commonly in Nigeria they outsource to other countries in order to make a profit hit of their crops. While this gives them an increase in economic revenue, it leaves their people hungry due to lack of nutritious foods. This outsourcing of food is one of the major causes of the low food security that Nigeria has often possessed. Before their civil war, which occurred in 1973, Nigeria was relatively self-sufficing in concerns to foods. However, after the war, imports and exports of food increased tenfold. Bread is the most common import, ironically enough imported from the United States.Major exports include oil, cocoa, corn, yams and cotton lint. To make more income, instead of having a surplus of food, the food is sol d off, difference the country short for its citizens, thus making for a very poor food security. The money that they then make is not used only when for feeding the people. Despite there being a ban on exporting a lot of important food sources, such as milk, sugar, and flour, a free agricultural trade market was finally schematic in the 1980s. A second leading cause in the poor food security is the commonly occurring oil run outs that happen in Nigeria.Nigeria is a large partner with the US, as it imports a lot of the United States oil to the country. The Delta region of Nigeria is the area that is hit hardest by these oil spills. The Department of oil Resources estimated 1. 89 million barrels of petroleum were spilled into the Delta between 1976 and 1996 out of the perfect of 2. 4 million barrels between these year brackets. Clean up was slow and waste management of the sludge from recent oil spill accidents, as well as from the ones previously stated, is still a major concer n for economic costs. An intervention plan is possible for the country of Nigeria.The Nigerian government has approved several policies and undertaken a number of steps in order to help improve food security in Nigeria. These plans include the following the case Plan of Action for Food and Nutrition, Primary health Care Approach, Catchments Area Planning and Action, Gender Informed Nutrition and Agriculture, and National Special Program on Food Security. Government in Nigerias main focus however is on their policy entitled Food and Nutrition Policy for Nigeria. This policy was put into place in 2002 and sets peculiar(prenominal) goals to be met.These include the reduction of malnutrition among children under five by at least 30% by 2010, and reduction of micronutrient deficiencies. The main micronutrient deficiency concern being with vitamin A, iodine and iron. Their hopes were to lower this by 50% by the year 2010 as well. Lack of knowledge and technology is a main preventive to any policies and natural actions set forth by the Nigerian government. With all these plans being looked into, hopes are that Nigeria can reduce the population of hungry even more in the upcoming years. However, if mire research is not gained into solving these issues, context orth policies may be in vain if there is no action to back them up. Works Cited Department of Petroleum Resources. 2009. 20 11 2009. Akinyele, Isaac. multinational Food Policy and Research Institute. Garki, Abuja Nigeria. 2010. 20 11 2011. Nations Encyclopedia. 2011. 20 11 2009. Olyeran-Oyeyinka, Banji Gehl Sampath, Padmashee. The Gene Revolution and Global Food Security. Palgrave Macmillan. Basingtoke Hampshire, GBR. 11 2009. 20 11 2011. 117. Think Exist. 1999. 20 11 2009. Think Quest. 20 11 2009. United States Department of Agriculture- Food and Nutrition. Alexandria, VA. 20 11 2011. USAID. 1 2011. 20 11 2009.